What is a mammogram and who should attend?

Mammography is a close X-ray technique using specialised equipment for taking images of the breast. It can detect a change in breast tissue before you can feel or notice anything unusual. You should attend for breast screening if:
• you are of a recognised age
• you have a fully recognised family history of breast cancer.

The chance of a woman developing breast cancer at some time in her life is approximately 1 in 9.

Will the mammogram hurt?

Once you are comfortable the radiographer will position each breast on special plates. Your breasts will then be pressed between the plates so that all the breast tissue can be seen on the X-ray film.
You may feel a little discomfort but this varies from woman to woman. Usually it only lasts for a few seconds and will be released immediately after the X-ray is taken.

When will I know the result?

The results of your mammogram will be sent to you and your G.P. within three weeks. However, you may be called back for second check which will involve returning to the Unit. This may be because of a technical fault with the film or if there is something that needs further investigation.
The radiologist (X-ray Doctor) may also require you to have a breast ultrasound (imaging using sound waves) to assist assessment of the mammogram. It is particularly useful when there is denser breast tissue, which makes it difficult to get a satisfactory image from a mammogram. This examination is painless and does not involve compression. Ultrasound waves are sent to and from your breast by gently moving a special sensor over the breast. This forms pictures of your breast on a screen which can be read by the specialist.
Remember - most changes seen in the breast tissue do not turn out to be cancerous.

How reliable are the tests?

Although breast screening is highly effective, it will not detect all cancers. However, our screening system is designed to ensure that testing is as accurate as possible by including a clinical examination by the Sister to assist the doctor in his diagnosis of the x-ray film.
Quality assurance is continually monitored through equipment and processing checks.

What are the benefits of attending for regular mammograms?

Mammography is the most sensitive method of screening for breast cancer . It can also detect other abnormalities in the breast. Breast cancers can be detected when they are small and at an early treatable stage. Therefore, more effective treatment may be given which can significantly increase the chances of making a full recovery.

What are the risks of attending regular mammograms?

Mammography does involve the use of Ionizing Radiation (X-rays) but it is important to remember that the radiologist and radiographers are professionally trained to minimise the X-ray dosage. The level of radiation is very low. The benefit of being screened for breast cancer far outweighs any risk of harm from an X-ray.

It is estimated that the lifetime fatal cancer risk arising from mammography radiation exposure equates to a return flight from the UK to Australia. Under 50 it is recommended to x-ray more frequently because the breast can be denser and changes may occur more quickly. Therefore, the radiation risk is increased. Since these breasts are denser and more difficult to interpret, there is also an increased risk of further investigation.

What is Ultrasound?

Water-soluble gel will be applied to your breast to ensure good contact between your skin and the probe. A smooth surfaced, hand - held probe will scan your breast and pictures will be shown on a screen. A consultant Radiologist (specialist Doctor) will perform the ultrasound and interpret the pictures. A clinic sister or radiographer will be in attendance and you will be kept informed throughout the procedure.

What will happen?

Ultrasound is a painless scanning procedure using sound waves. It is widely used in medical diagnosis. You may have had a 'scan' in pregnancy.

When will I know the result?

The Consultant will inform you of his/her findings at the time. You will be advised if any further investigation/treatment is needed and what the next step will be should this be the case. Any questions will be answered as far as possible.

What should I do between screens?

It is important that you check your breasts by looking and feeling on a regular basis as part of your own awareness routine. Many women find initial observation in a mirror followed by feeling with a soapy hand whilst bathing the easiest procedure. The question you must continually ask yourself is: "Is anything different since I last checked?"